New York · Paralegals practicing law
Paralegals practicing law in New York
If a non-lawyer took your money in New York — under the guise of paralegals practicing law — New York law is on your side. Here's how the claim works.
Reviewed July 2026 by the FakeLawyerReport editorial team
Why this is illegal in New York
Paralegals must work under a licensed attorney. When one takes on clients directly or gives legal advice, it's UPL — even if they used to work at a real firm.
New York's UPL statute: N.Y. Judiciary Law §§ 478, 484, 485; N.Y. Gen. Bus. Law § 460-a et seq.
New York makes unauthorized practice a misdemeanor and separately regulates 'Immigration Assistance Services' — non-lawyers who help with immigration paperwork must post disclaimers, use written contracts, and cannot give legal advice.
Penalties in New York
Misdemeanor (up to 1 year); repeat or aggravated conduct is a Class E felony (up to 4 years). Civil penalties up to $7,500 per violation under GBL § 460-g.
What you can recover
- A full refund of every dollar you paid.
- Statutory or civil damages under New York's consumer-protection laws.
- Attorneys' fees in most cases — often no out-of-pocket cost.
- Referral to a licensed New York attorney to try to fix the underlying case.
How to report paralegals practicing law in New York
- File with New York State Unified Court System — Attorney Registration — the state bar's UPL committee.
- File a consumer complaint with the New York Attorney General.
- Submit your case on this site for a free confidential review with a licensed New York attorney who handles UPL recovery.
Related resources
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